Pablo's text on the history of the cinema

HISTORY OF THE CINEMA


The first eleven years of motion pictures show the cinema moving from a novelty to an established large-scale entertainment industry. The films became several minutes long consisting of several shots. The first rotating camera for taking panning shots was built in 1897. The first film studios were built in 1897. Special effects were introduced and film continuity, involving action moving from one sequence into another, began to be used. In 1900, continuity of action across successive shots was achieved and the close-up shot was introduced. Most films of this period were what came to be called "chase films". The first use of animation in movies was in 1899. The first feature length multi-reel film was a 1906 Australian production. The first successful permanent theatre showing only films was "The Nickelodeon" in Pittsburgh in 1905. By about 1910, actors began to receive screen credit for their roles, and the way to the creation of film stars was opened. Regular newsreels were exhibited from 1910 and soon became a popular way for finding out the news. Overall, from about 1910, American films had the largest share of the market in all European countries except France.




New film techniques that were introduced in this period include the use of artificial lighting, fire effects and Low-key lighting (i.e. lighting in which most of the frame is dark) for enhanced atmosphere during sinister scenes. As films grew longer, specialist writers were employed to simplify more complex stories derived from novels or plays into a form that could be contained on one reel. Genres began to be used as categories; the main division was into comedy and drama, but these categories were further subdivided. The years of the First World War were a complex transitional period for the film industry. The exhibition of films changed from short one-reel programmes to feature films. Exhibition venues became larger and began charging higher prices. By 1914, continuity cinema was the established mode of commercial cinema. One of the advanced continuity techniques involved an accurate and smooth transition from one shot to another. D. W. Griffith had the highest standing amongst American directors in the industry, because of the dramatic excitement he conveyed to the audience through his films.



1.True or false:

a) D. W. Griffith had the highest standing amongst Spanish directors.


b) The first film studios were built in 1907.


c) The first use of animation in movies was in 1899.


2 Open questions:


a) What was the first successful permanent theatre showing only films?


b) Who was the most important film maker in the industry of the cinema in America?


3 Synonyms:


a) character (p 1)


b) movie (p 1)


c) fear (p 2)


d) apropiate (p 2)

Carlos Evangelista's text on Usain Bolt

USAIN BOLT

     Bolt was born on 21st August 1986 in Sherwood Content, a small town in Trelawny, Jamaica, and grew up with his parents, Wellesley and Jennifer Bolt, his brother Sadiki, and his sister Sherine. His parents ran the local grocery store in the rural area, and Bolt spent his time playing cricket and football in the street with his brother.

     As a child, Bolt attended Waldensia Primary, where he first began to show his sprinting potential, running in the annual national primary-schools' meeting for his parish. By the age of twelve, Bolt had become the school's fastest runner over the 100 metres distance.

    

     The silver medals from the 2007 Osaka World Championships boosted Bolt's desire to run, and he took it more seriously. On 31 May 2008 Bolt established a new 100 m world record of 9.72 s at the Reebok Grand Prix held in the Icahn Stadium in New York City, breaking Powell's record.

QUESTIONS:

1.-True or false

              a)-At the age of 15 Bolt became the school´s fastest runner over the 800 m. distance.  

              b)-Bolt established a world record with a time of 9.30 seconds. 

2.- Open questions

              a)-What are the names of Bolt´s parents?

                             

              b)-Where did Bolt established his world record?

                              

3.-Synonyms

              a)-Significantly (3º Paragraph): 

           b)-Set up (3º  Paragraph): 

           c)-Commence (2º Paragraph): 

           d)-Pass (1º Paragraph): 

Sara R's Text on Isco

ISCO

Francisco Roman Alarcon Suarez, known as Isco, was born on April 21, 1992, in Arroyo de la Miel, Málaga (Spain), weighs 74kg and measures 1.76M.

Isco is a Spanish footballer who plays as a midfielder for Real Madrid in the First Division in Spain. In 2012 he was awarded the Golden Boy, considered the Ballon footballers under twenty one years old, and in 2013 with awards of Bravo Award. Both awards were completed with the bronze boot in the 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Championship held in Israel and helped his team conquered the title of European Champion U-21, certifying his football projection.

He took his first steps in his hometown team, the school's football Retamar then debuted at Benamiel Athletic Football Club, where he began to be known in many national tournaments highlighting.

The most important was the Valencia Football Club, an organization to which he came in 2006, at age 14, and in 2009 began playing games in the Second Division B with Valencia Mestalla.

In July 2011 the team of his land, Málaga Football Club, is done with the services of the player doing the payment of the termination clause six million of his contract.

On June 27, 2013 was officially confirmed his transfer to Real Madrid CF. His presentation was on July 3 at 13:00 pm at the Santiago Bernabeu Stadium. Your back is the number 23. He made his debut for Real Madrid on 21 July in a friendly match against AFC Bournemouth, playing the first forty-five minutes of the game, its official debut on 18 August in the relevant party to the first game of the season against Real Betis Football. The player was one of the highlights of the match, assisting and scoring the 2-1 victory to his team.

In his first season he won the Copa del Rey and UEFA Champions League, participating in both finals while scoring a total of eleven goals in fifty-three games.

In his second season he won the second Super Cup in Madrid entity. It came 76 minutes for the Colombian James Rodriguez.

QUESTIONS:

1.TRUE OR FALSE

a)      Isco is a Spanish footballer who plays as a defender in the Real Madrid Team.

b)      His official debut with the Real Madrid team was the 18th of December.

2.OPEN QUESTIONS

   a)      What did he achieve in 2012? And in 2013?

   b)      When and where was his presentation in the Real Madrid?

   c)      In which other teams did he play before Real Madrid?

      

       3.SYNONYMS

a)      Display 

b)      Premiere

c)      Championships